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Related Concept Videos

Frictional Forces on Screws01:17

Frictional Forces on Screws

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Screws are characterized by a helical ridge known as a thread wrapped around a cylindrical shaft. They are commonly used as fasteners to hold objects together or to transmit power and motion in machines. One type of screw that is particularly useful for transmitting power is the square-threaded screw.
A jack with a square-threaded screw is a mechanical device used to lift heavy loads by applying a force at its handle. When the force is applied, the screw turns, raising the load. The screw can...
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Self-Locking Screw01:16

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A square-threaded screw jack is a mechanical device widely used for lifting heavy loads or applying considerable force. One of the key features that can make a screw jack more effective and reliable is its self-locking capability.
A square-threaded screw jack carrying a load is considered self-locking if the screw retains its position even after the moment applied to it is removed.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device
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Surgical performance when inserting non-locking screws: a systematic review.

James W A Fletcher1,2, Lisa Wenzel2,3, Verena Neumann2

  • 1Department for Health, University of Bath, UK.

EFORT Open Reviews
|February 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Surgeons often overtighten bone screws, leading to an average of 26% stripped screw holes. Optimal screw tightness remains unknown, highlighting the need for standardized insertion techniques to improve implant stability.

Keywords:
bone screwsfracture fixationinternal fixationscrew insertionscrew tightnessstripping torquesurgical technique

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Surgical Techniques

Background:

  • Screws are the most common surgical implants, with billions inserted annually.
  • Surgeons determine non-locking screw insertion technique, including tightness.
  • Current practices lack standardized targets for optimal screw tightness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review screw tightness achieved by surgeons.
  • To assess the rate of material stripping during screw insertion.
  • To evaluate the impact of surgeon and variable factors on screw insertion outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of 12 studies.
  • Inclusion of data from 260 surgeons and 2793 inserted screws.
  • Analysis of screw tightness and stripped screw hole rates.

Main Results:

  • Average screw tightness was 78% for cortical and 80% for cancellous bone.
  • An average of 26% of inserted screws resulted in irreparably stripped screw holes.
  • Significant variation existed in surgeon performance, with some stripping over 90% of samples.

Conclusions:

  • Surgeons exhibit poor awareness of bone stripping, often overtightening screws.
  • The optimal screw tightness for bone implants is currently unknown.
  • Further research is needed to establish target tightness and develop methods for consistent screw insertion.