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An optical detection module-based biosensor using fortified bacterial beads for soil toxicity assessment.

Jin Woo Bae1, Ho Bin Seo1,2, Shimshon Belkin3

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
|February 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study presents an optical biosensor for soil contamination using bioluminescent bacteria in poly-dopamine coated beads. The sensor effectively detects toluene, a common pollutant, offering a potential tool for environmental monitoring.

Keywords:
BTEXBiosensorsOptical sensorsPD coatingRecombinant bioluminescent bacteriaSoil toxicity biosensor module

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Biotechnology
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Soil contamination poses significant environmental and health risks.
  • Development of rapid and reliable detection methods for soil pollutants is crucial.
  • Bioluminescent bacterial bioreporters offer a sensitive platform for detecting toxicants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate an optical biosensor module for assessing soil contamination.
  • To utilize poly-dopamine (PD)-coated alginate microbeads for encapsulating bioluminescent bacterial bioreporters.
  • To detect toluene as a model soil contaminant using two distinct bioluminescent reporter strains.

Main Methods:

  • Encapsulation of bioluminescent bacteria in PD-coated alginate microbeads.
  • Development of an ambient light-blocking, temperature-controlled optical biosensor module.
  • Detection of toluene using an inducible (grpE::luxCDABE) and a constitutive (lac::luxCDABE) bioluminescent reporter strain.

Main Results:

  • PD-coated beads showed enhanced mechanical strength and stability.
  • The biosensor demonstrated detection of toluene, with varying responses from the two reporter strains.
  • Strain TV1061 (inducible) showed increased bioluminescence with toluene, peaking at 1% concentration.
  • Strain GC2 (constitutive) exhibited decreased bioluminescence in the presence of toluene.

Conclusions:

  • The developed optical biosensor module is effective for detecting toluene in soil.
  • PD-coated alginate microbeads provide a stable matrix for bacterial bioreporters.
  • This biosensor shows potential for monitoring soil contamination in industrial and high-risk areas.