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The relation between dizziness and suspected obstructive sleep apnoea.

Britta D P J Maas1, Tjasse D Bruintjes2, Hester J van der Zaag-Loonen2

  • 1Apeldoorn Dizziness Centre, Gelre Hospital, Albert Schweitzerlaan 31, 7334 DZ, Apeldoorn, The Netherlands. brittamaas91@gmail.com.

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology : Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
|February 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary

A high risk of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is common in dizzy patients and linked to greater dizziness-related impairment, particularly in men. This risk was not associated with unexplained dizziness or anxiety disorders.

Keywords:
DHIDizzinessObstructive sleep apnoeaSTOP-bang questionnaire

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Dizziness is a common complaint with multifactorial causes.
  • Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a prevalent condition that can affect various aspects of health.
  • The relationship between OSA risk and dizziness, particularly dizziness-related impairment, requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of a high risk of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in patients presenting with dizziness.
  • To assess the association between the risk of OSA and the severity of dizziness-related impairment.
  • To explore whether a high risk of OSA is linked to unexplained dizziness or hyperventilation/anxiety disorders.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 704 adult Dutch patients with dizziness.
  • Exclusion of patients with dementia.
  • Utilisation of the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) and the STOP-Bang questionnaire (SBQ) to assess dizziness-related impairment and OSA risk, respectively.

Main Results:

  • A high risk of OSA was identified in 20% of patients (144/704), predominantly males (83%).
  • Male patients with a high OSA risk reported significantly higher DHI scores (average 9 points higher, p=0.018) compared to those with low OSA risk.
  • No significant association was found between a high risk of OSA and unexplained dizziness or hyperventilation/anxiety disorders.

Conclusions:

  • The prevalence of a high risk of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is notably high among male patients experiencing dizziness.
  • An increased risk of OSA correlates with greater dizziness-related impairment.
  • A high risk of OSA is not associated with unexplained dizziness or hyperventilation/anxiety disorders.