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A Study Design for Augmenting the Control Group in a Randomized Controlled Trial: A Quality Process for Interaction
Yunling Xu1, Nelson Lu2, Lilly Yue2
1Division of Biostatistics, OSB/CDRH, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, WO66, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA. Yun-ling.xu@fda.hhs.gov.
Abstract:
There is an increasing demand for utilization of external data, such as historical study data and patient registry data, to augment the control group in a randomized controlled trial. While such a study design could reduce the time and cost, how to maintain the study validity and integrity is one major statistical challenge that needs to be carefully addressed. We discuss a study design quality process to enhance the study validity and integrity when using this approach. The discussed quality process is tailored to the confirmatory study using a 2-stage design with an emphasis on the interaction process among stakeholders. In an example, the quality process covers a 2-step assessment of the similarity in patient characteristics between the current study and the external data source, and between the treatment and augmented control groups.
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