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Speech perception in a second language: Hearing is believing-seeing is not.

Fengyang Ma1, Haiyang Ai1, Ting Xiao1

  • 1School of Education, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.

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Summary

Speaker accent significantly impacts second language (L2) speech perception, with non-native accents hindering comprehension. Listener

Keywords:
Second languageaccentfacesemantic judgementspeech perception

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Bilingualism
  • Speech Perception

Background:

  • Understanding factors influencing second language (L2) speech perception is crucial for effective communication and learning.
  • The roles of visual cues (speaker's face) and auditory cues (accent) in L2 processing remain areas of active research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how the speaker's face (ethnicity) and accent (native vs. non-native) affect semantic processing in L2 speech perception.
  • To examine the relative importance of accent and visual cues in bilinguals' L2 lexical access.

Main Methods:

  • Forty-two Chinese-English bilinguals performed a cross-modal semantic judgment task.
  • Participants viewed Asian or Caucasian faces while listening to English word pairs in either a native (English) or non-native (Chinese) accent.
  • Reaction times and accuracy were measured to assess semantic effects.

Main Results:

  • A native accent facilitated semantic processing, showing clear effects on both reaction time and accuracy, regardless of the face presented.
  • A non-native accent resulted in a weaker semantic effect, indicated by a speed-accuracy trade-off, and was not influenced by the speaker's face.
  • The ethnicity of the speaker's face did not modulate the effects of accent on L2 speech perception.

Conclusions:

  • Accent is a critical cue in L2 speech perception, with non-native accents posing a significant challenge to comprehension, even when familiar.
  • Bilinguals prioritize reliable auditory cues (accent) over potentially unreliable visual cues (face ethnicity) in L2 semantic processing.
  • Findings contribute to models of bilingual lexical access and social speech perception, highlighting the robust influence of accent.