Advances in Normobaric Hyperoxia Brain Protection in Experimental Stroke

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Critical Care Medicine
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Stroke remains a primary cause of mortality and disability.
• Effective treatments require both etiological intervention and neuroprotection.
• Experimental models provide insights into therapeutic strategies for brain injury.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the advancements in normobaric-hyperoxia (NBHO) for neuroprotection in experimental stroke and brain trauma.
• To evaluate the efficacy and mechanisms of NBHO in preclinical models.

Main Methods:

• Systematic analysis of studies on NBHO in experimental ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, and brain trauma.
• Data sourced from PubMed Central (PMC) and EMBASE databases.

Main Results:

• NBHO demonstrates significant value in improving tissue oxygenation and mitigating ischemic damage.
• Mechanisms include enhanced brain oxygen content, restored mitochondrial function, improved neuronal metabolism, reduced blood-brain barrier damage, and decreased cerebral edema.
• NBHO improves cerebral blood flow, particularly in the penumbra, preserving neuronal viability.

Conclusions:

• NBHO offers a safe and clinically translatable approach for neuroprotection in stroke and brain trauma.
• Further clinical research is warranted to establish safety, efficacy, and optimal treatment protocols for human application.