Clinical imaging of cardiovascular inflammation
Claudia Calcagno1,2, Zahi A Fayad3,2
1BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Summary
Inflammation drives cardiovascular disease (CVD) and related organ damage. Non-invasive imaging, particularly [18F]FDG PET, is crucial for quantifying this inflammation in patients with CVD.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Medical Imaging
- Immunology
Background:
- Atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading global cause of death.
- Maladaptive inflammation is critical in atherosclerosis development, progression, and cardiovascular events.
- Inflammation impacts heart and brain damage and healing post-myocardial infarction or stroke.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review clinical applications of non-invasive imaging for quantifying inflammation in CVD.
- To highlight [18F]FDG PET and novel radiotracers for inflammation detection.
- To discuss other imaging modalities in cardiovascular inflammation assessment.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical studies on non-invasive imaging in cardiovascular disease.
- Focus on [18F]FDG PET and inflammation-specific radiotracers.
- Brief overview of MRI, SPECT, CT, CEUS, and OCT applications.
Main Results:
- Non-invasive imaging quantifies inflammation in vasculature, heart, and brain in CVD patients.
- [18F]FDG PET is a key tool for assessing cardiovascular and hematopoietic inflammation.
- Emerging imaging techniques offer further insights into inflammatory processes.
Conclusions:
- Non-invasive imaging is essential for understanding and managing inflammation in cardiovascular disease.
- Advanced imaging modalities, including PET, are vital for both research and clinical practice.
- Quantifying inflammation aids in assessing disease burden and guiding therapeutic strategies.
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