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Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Separation and Differential Characterization of Gut Microbial Extracellular Vesicles in Salt-Sensitive Rats under High-Salt Diet Conditions
Published on: June 6, 2025
Intestinal Flora Modulates Blood Pressure by Regulating the Synthesis of Intestinal-Derived Corticosterone in High
Xuefang Yan1, Jiajia Jin1, Xinhuan Su2,3
1From the Department of Cardiology, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan (X. Yan, J.J., X. Yin, J.G., X.W., S.Z., P.B., Y.Z., Q.Z.).
High-salt diets can cause hypertension by altering gut bacteria. A specific bacterium, Bacteroides fragilis, and its metabolite, arachidonic acid, help regulate blood pressure by controlling corticosterone levels.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Physiology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- High-salt diet is a major risk factor for hypertension.
- Intestinal flora's role in high salt-induced hypertension (hSIH) requires further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the roles and mechanisms of intestinal flora in hSIH development.
- To understand how gut microbiota influences blood pressure regulation.
Main Methods:
- 16S rRNA gene sequencing
- Untargeted metabolomics
- Selective bacterial culture
- Fecal microbiota transplantation
- Blood pressure monitoring in Wistar rats
Main Results:
- High-salt diet induced hypertension in rats.
- Fecal microbiota transplantation demonstrated hSIH transferability.
- Reduced Bacteroides and arachidonic acid levels correlated with increased blood pressure.
- Increased corticosterone levels were observed in hSIH rats and patients.
Conclusions:
- Intestinal flora, specifically Bacteroides fragilis, regulates blood pressure by modulating corticosterone production via arachidonic acid.
- This study reveals a novel mechanism of BP regulation involving steroid hormone levels, distinct from inflammation/immunity pathways.
- Findings deepen the understanding of gut microbiota's impact on hypertension.
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