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Peptidyl Arginine Deiminase 2 (PADI2)-Mediated Arginine Citrullination Modulates Transcription in Cancer

Miguel Beato1,2, Priyanka Sharma1

  • 1Gene Regulation, Stem Cells and Cancer Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|February 22, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Protein arginine deimination, catalyzed by peptidyl arginine deiminases (PADIs), creates citrulline. PADI2-mediated citrullination of RNA polymerase II impacts breast cancer transcriptional regulation.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Protein arginine deimination, producing citrulline, is a key post-translational modification.
  • Initially linked to autoimmune and neurological diseases, and cancer, its precise roles are still being uncovered.
  • Recent research explores citrullination's impact on epigenetics, immunity, and transcriptional regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the functions of PADI2-mediated citrullination.
  • To elucidate mechanisms of citrullination in transcriptional regulation within breast cancer cells.
  • To understand how citrullination reshapes the transcription regulatory network in cancer progression.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on PADI2 and citrullination.
  • Analysis of proposed mechanisms in breast cancer models.
  • Focus on the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II.

Main Results:

  • PADI2-mediated citrullination of RNA polymerase II's C-terminal domain is a newly discovered function.
  • This modification plays a role in transcriptional regulation in breast cancer cells.
  • Proposed mechanisms suggest a reshaped transcription regulatory network promoting cancer.

Conclusions:

  • PADI2-mediated citrullination is a significant factor in breast cancer transcriptional regulation.
  • Understanding these mechanisms can provide insights into cancer pathogenesis.
  • Further research is needed to fully grasp citrullination's physiological and pathological implications.
Keywords:
P-TEFb complexRNA polymerase IIarginine citrullinationcancercell proliferationchromatinhistone H3pause releasephase separationtranscription

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