Long-term caloric restriction activates the myocardial SIRT1/AMPK/PGC-1α pathway in C57BL/6J male mice

Lina Ma1,2, Rong Wang2, Hongjuan Wang3

  • 1Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China.

Food & Nutrition Research
|February 22, 2020
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Caloric restriction (CR) enhances heart function by activating the SIRT1/AMPK/PGC-1α pathway in mice. This study clarifies the molecular mechanisms underlying CR

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Metabolic Regulation
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Caloric restriction (CR) is known to improve cardiac function, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.
  • Key metabolic regulators, including Silent mating-type information regulation 1 (SIRT1), adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and mTOR, are implicated in stress response.
  • Understanding these pathways is crucial for developing strategies to enhance cardiovascular health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of caloric restriction (CR) on the SIRT1/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway within the myocardium.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which CR influences cardiac function.
  • To determine the role of SIRT1, AMPK, and mTOR in mediating the cardioprotective effects of CR.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-six male C57BL/6J mice were allocated into three dietary groups: normal control (NC), high-energy (HE), and caloric restriction (CR).
  • Mice were maintained on their respective diets for 11 months.
  • Western blot and real-time PCR were employed to quantify the expression of key proteins and transcripts, including p-AMPK, PGC-1α, SIRT1, and p-mTOR.

Main Results:

  • Caloric restriction significantly increased the expression of myocardial p-AMPK protein, SIRT1 protein, and SIRT1 mRNA compared to the high-energy group.
  • The expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) mRNA was also elevated in the CR group.
  • No significant differences in the expression of p-mTOR protein or mTOR mRNA were observed among the three groups.

Conclusions:

  • Caloric restriction positively modulates the SIRT1/AMPK/PGC-1α pathway in the mouse myocardium.
  • The mTOR pathway was not affected by caloric restriction in this study.
  • These findings provide mechanistic insights into how CR improves cardiac health, highlighting the SIRT1/AMPK/PGC-1α axis.

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