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Enzyme Immobilization over Polystyrene Surface Using Cysteine Functionalized Copper Nanoparticle as a Linker

Nikhil Kumar1, Lata Sheo Bachan Upadhyay2

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Raipur, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492010, India.

Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
|February 23, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a novel enzyme immobilization technique using copper nanoparticles on polystyrene surfaces. The method enhances urease activity and stability, offering a reusable and efficient biocatalyst.

Keywords:
Copper nanoparticleCysteineEnzymeImmobilizationNitrationPolystyreneSilanizationUrease

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Enzyme immobilization is crucial for biocatalysis, requiring efficient and stable methods.
  • Developing robust supports for enzyme attachment enhances enzyme performance and reusability.
  • Nanoparticle linkers offer unique properties for surface functionalization and biomolecule conjugation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a simple and efficient enzyme immobilization method on polystyrene surfaces.
  • To utilize cysteine-functionalized copper nanoparticles as linkers for enzyme attachment.
  • To enhance the activity, stability, and reusability of immobilized urease.

Main Methods:

  • Polystyrene surface activation via nitration to introduce -NO2 groups.
  • Silanization with (3-mercaptopropyl) trimethoxysilane (MPTS) for surface modification.
  • Covalent coupling of cysteine-capped copper nanoparticles via thiol-ene chemistry.
  • Enzyme immobilization using glutaraldehyde crosslinking of urease to the nanoparticle layer.

Main Results:

  • Successful development of a nanoparticle-based immobilization platform on polystyrene.
  • Achieved a 72.37% enhancement in enzymatic activity compared to soluble urease.
  • Demonstrated significant reusability (10 cycles) with 82% activity retention.
  • Observed increased thermal and pH stability for the immobilized enzyme.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method provides a simple, efficient, and cost-effective approach for enzyme immobilization.
  • Cysteine-functionalized copper nanoparticles serve as effective linkers, enhancing enzyme performance.
  • The immobilized urease exhibits superior stability and reusability, suitable for various applications.