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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

164
Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
164
Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations

379
Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
379
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

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Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
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Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

614
Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
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Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

601
Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
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Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

198
Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
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Implantation of Total Artificial Heart in Congenital Heart Disease
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Iatrogenic Decompensated Heart Failure.

Patrick Tran1, Prithwish Banerjee2,3

  • 1Cardiology Department, University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK.

Current Heart Failure Reports
|February 23, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Iatrogenic causes of acute decompensated heart failure (AHF) are increasingly common in aging patients with comorbidities. Awareness and prevention of these triggers are crucial for reducing high mortality and morbidity rates associated with AHF.

Keywords:
Decompensated heart failureFluid managementHigh-output heart failureIatrogenicPacemakerPharmacotherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Aging heart failure (HF) patients with comorbidities and polypharmacy are increasingly susceptible to iatrogenic precipitants.
  • Iatrogenic factors can precipitate acute decompensated heart failure (AHF), often unexpectedly.
  • These iatrogenic causes are infrequently documented but increasingly encountered by clinicians.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review potential iatrogenic causes of acute decompensated heart failure (AHF).
  • To outline an evidence-based management strategy for iatrogenic AHF.
  • To enhance clinician awareness of iatrogenic AHF triggers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of iatrogenic causes of AHF.
  • Synthesis of evidence-based management strategies.
  • Clinical scenario analysis.

Main Results:

  • Common iatrogenic triggers include medication withdrawal, cardiotoxic cancer therapy, excessive fluid administration, inappropriate blood transfusions, iatrogenic anemia, and incorrect pacemaker implantation.
  • Iatrogenic AHF is associated with significant mortality and morbidity.
  • Preventable iatrogenic factors contribute to AHF exacerbations.

Conclusions:

  • Increased awareness of iatrogenic precipitants is essential for preventing AHF.
  • Proactive management and monitoring can mitigate risks associated with cardiotoxic therapies and fluid management.
  • Preventing iatrogenic AHF is more effective than managing it after occurrence.