Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Stimulants01:29

Stimulants

774
Stimulants are substances that enhance neural activity and elevate dopamine levels in the brain, leading to their highly addictive nature. These drugs include cocaine, amphetamines, MDMA, caffeine, and nicotine, each with distinct mechanisms of action and varied health implications.
Cocaine can be administered via snorting, injection, or smoking. It primarily functions by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, resulting in a euphoric high characterized by an intense sensation of happiness and...
774
Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data01:25

Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data

826
Epidemiological data primarily involves information on specific populations' occurrence, distribution, and determinants of health and diseases. This data is crucial for understanding disease patterns and impacts, aiding public health decision-making and disease prevention strategies. The analysis of epidemiological data employs various statistical methods to interpret health-related data effectively. Here are some commonly used methods:
826
Criteria for Causality: Bradford Hill Criteria - II01:28

Criteria for Causality: Bradford Hill Criteria - II

1.1K
The Bradford Hill criteria serve as guidelines for establishing causative links in epidemiological research. Beyond Strength, Consistency, Specificity, and Temporality, key criteria also include Biological Gradient, Plausibility, Coherence, Experiment, and Analogy. These principles assist scientists in assessing the likelihood of causation in complex biological contexts. Below is a summary of these concepts:
1.1K
Causality in Epidemiology01:21

Causality in Epidemiology

1.4K
Causality or causation is a fundamental concept in epidemiology, vital for understanding the relationships between various factors and health outcomes. Despite its importance, there's no single, universally accepted definition of causality within the discipline. Drawing from a systematic review, causality in epidemiology encompasses several definitions, including production, necessary and sufficient, sufficient-component, counterfactual, and probabilistic models. Each has its strengths and...
1.4K
Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques IV01:26

Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques IV

189
Stress often leads to unhealthy habits like smoking, excessive drinking, and overeating, which offer short-term relief but ultimately increase long-term health risks. These behaviors create a cycle that temporarily lowers stress levels but can result in severe long-term health consequences. Breaking these habits is essential to reduce the risk of chronic diseases and improve overall well-being. Three primary changes that support better health include quitting smoking, reducing alcohol intake,...
189
Observational Studies01:11

Observational Studies

10.6K
Observational studies are a type of analytical study where researchers observe events without any interventions. In other words, the researcher does not influence the response variable or the experiment's outcome.
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One...
10.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

From Counseling to Capacity: Patient-Care-Team Perspectives on Healthy Eating Support in Underserved Community Clinics.

Research square·2026
Same author

Transitions in ENDS and cigarette use among youth in the PATH Study from 2015-2023: a multistate transition modeling analysis.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Association Between DASH Adherence and Hypertension Among Older African American Parishioners in an Underserved Urban Community.

Journal of primary care & community health·2026
Same author

Transitions in cigarette and ENDS use in the PATH Study: a multistate transition model analysis of adults in 2021-2022 compared to previous years.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2025
Same author

Investigation of bentonite-goethite mixture as a novel material for low-level landfill liners.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Religiosity, school connectedness, and tobacco use susceptibility: a longitudinal study of adolescents in Mumbai and Kolkata, India.

BMC public health·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 27, 2025

Comparing the Effects of Electronic Cigarette Vapor and Cigarette Smoke in a Novel In Vivo Exposure System
10:44

Comparing the Effects of Electronic Cigarette Vapor and Cigarette Smoke in a Novel In Vivo Exposure System

Published on: May 24, 2017

11.9K

Race, Educational Attainment, and E-Cigarette Use.

Shervin Assari1, Ritesh Mistry2, Mohsen Bazargan1,3

  • 1Departments of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Charles R Drew University of Medicine and Science, 118th St, Los Angeles, CA, 90059, United States.

Journal of Medical Research and Innovation
|February 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Higher education is linked to less e-cigarette use, but this effect is weaker for Black Americans compared to White Americans. This finding highlights racial disparities in health behaviors and educational impact.

Keywords:
African-AmericanBlackWhiteseducational attainmentelectronic cigarettesethnicitypopulation groupsracesocioeconomicssubstance use

More Related Videos

Generation of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol by a Third-Generation Machine-Vaping Device: Application to Toxicological Studies
08:39

Generation of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol by a Third-Generation Machine-Vaping Device: Application to Toxicological Studies

Published on: August 25, 2018

26.2K
A Microcontroller Operated Device for the Generation of Liquid Extracts from Conventional Cigarette Smoke and Electronic Cigarette Aerosol
09:30

A Microcontroller Operated Device for the Generation of Liquid Extracts from Conventional Cigarette Smoke and Electronic Cigarette Aerosol

Published on: January 18, 2018

8.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 27, 2025

Comparing the Effects of Electronic Cigarette Vapor and Cigarette Smoke in a Novel In Vivo Exposure System
10:44

Comparing the Effects of Electronic Cigarette Vapor and Cigarette Smoke in a Novel In Vivo Exposure System

Published on: May 24, 2017

11.9K
Generation of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol by a Third-Generation Machine-Vaping Device: Application to Toxicological Studies
08:39

Generation of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol by a Third-Generation Machine-Vaping Device: Application to Toxicological Studies

Published on: August 25, 2018

26.2K
A Microcontroller Operated Device for the Generation of Liquid Extracts from Conventional Cigarette Smoke and Electronic Cigarette Aerosol
09:30

A Microcontroller Operated Device for the Generation of Liquid Extracts from Conventional Cigarette Smoke and Electronic Cigarette Aerosol

Published on: January 18, 2018

8.7K

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Sociology
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • Higher educational attainment is generally associated with reduced high-risk behaviors.
  • The Minorities' Diminished Returns theory suggests this effect may be less pronounced for Black individuals compared to White individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate racial differences in the association between educational attainment and electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the 2017 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS).
  • Included 2,277 American adults (1,868 White, 409 Black).
  • Analyzed educational attainment as the independent variable and lifetime e-cigarette use as the dependent variable, controlling for age and gender, with race as an effect modifier.

Main Results:

  • Overall, higher education was associated with lower odds of e-cigarette use (OR = 0.76).
  • A significant interaction between race and education was observed (OR = 1.63), indicating a weaker inverse association for Black individuals.
  • Race-stratified analyses showed a significant inverse association for Whites but not for Blacks.

Conclusions:

  • Educational attainment exerts a stronger influence on reducing e-cigarette use among White Americans than Black Americans.
  • Findings underscore the importance of considering race in understanding the relationship between socioeconomic factors and health behaviors.