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Related Concept Videos

Stem Cell Niche01:26

Stem Cell Niche

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The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
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Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells01:12

Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells

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The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
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Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells01:23

Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells

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After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
However, failure of such a system...
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Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell01:06

Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell

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A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
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Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells01:19

Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells

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Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
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Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 27, 2025

Isolation and Culture of Adult Epithelial Stem Cells from Human Skin
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Isolation and Culture of Adult Epithelial Stem Cells from Human Skin

Published on: March 31, 2011

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The aging skin microenvironment dictates stem cell behavior.

Yejing Ge1,2, Yuxuan Miao3,2, Shiri Gur-Cohen3,2

  • 1Robin Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Development and Cell Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065; yge1@mdanderson.org fuchslb@rockefeller.edu.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|February 26, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aging skin stem cells remain viable but lose function due to niche decline. The surrounding microenvironment, not stem cell loss, drives aging hair follicle defects.

Keywords:
aginghair folliclelineage identityskinstem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Dermatology
  • Aging research

Background:

  • Aging leads to organ decline, including skin aging with reduced hair cycling.
  • Hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) were hypothesized to be lost or altered during aging.
  • Understanding HFSC behavior in aging is crucial for regenerative medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate aging-related changes in HFSCs using single-cell RNA-sequencing.
  • To determine if HFSCs change fate or are lost during the aging process.
  • To elucidate the role of the stem cell niche in aged skin regeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Single-cell RNA-sequencing of aging HFSCs.
  • Analysis of transcriptional changes in HFSCs and niche components.
  • In vivo transplantation assays comparing aged and young HFSCs and dermis.

Main Results:

  • Aging HFSCs maintained identity but showed transcriptional changes, particularly in extracellular matrix genes.
  • The aging stem cell niche exhibited structural perturbations and changes in non-epithelial cells.
  • Aged skin was defective in HF regeneration after injury, but aged HFSCs could regenerate HFs in a young niche.

Conclusions:

  • The aging stem cell niche, rather than HFSC loss or fate change, is the primary driver of impaired hair follicle regeneration.
  • Youthfulness of the microenvironment is critical for stem cell function and tissue health.
  • SC:niche interactions are paramount in dictating stem cell properties and tissue fitness during aging.