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Suppressing STAT5 signaling affects osteosarcoma growth and stemness.

Dharmalingam Subramaniam1, Pablo Angulo2,3, Sivapriya Ponnurangam1

  • 1Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.

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Pimozide, a STAT5 inhibitor, effectively suppresses osteosarcoma (OS) growth by targeting both proliferating and cancer stem cells. This drug inhibits key signaling pathways and reduces tumor progression in vivo.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Osteosarcoma (OS) is a prevalent primary bone tumor in children and adolescents.
  • Dysregulation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway is implicated in OS development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the therapeutic potential of pimozide, a STAT5 inhibitor, in osteosarcoma.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which pimozide affects OS cell proliferation, stemness, and tumor growth.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro studies using OS cell lines treated with pimozide.
  • Assessment of cell cycle, apoptosis, protein expression, and cancer stem cell markers.
  • In vivo xenograft studies in mice treated with pimozide.
  • Molecular docking and cellular thermal shift assay to confirm drug-target interaction.

Main Results:

  • Pimozide suppressed OS cell proliferation, colony formation, and induced apoptosis.
  • Pimozide reduced expression of cancer stem cell markers, including DCLK1, CD44, and Oct-4.
  • Inhibition of STAT5, STAT3, and ERK phosphorylation was observed.
  • Pimozide treatment significantly inhibited osteosarcoma xenograft growth in vivo.

Conclusions:

  • Pimozide demonstrates significant anti-tumor activity against osteosarcoma.
  • The therapeutic effect of pimozide is mediated through the inhibition of the STAT5 signaling pathway.
  • Pimozide targets both proliferating and cancer stem cells in osteosarcoma.