Treatment response and disease progression

This tutorial defines the concepts of disease progression in the context of clinical pharmacology. Disease progression describes the natural history of disease, such as pain, or biomarker of drug response, such as blood pressure. The action of a drug, such as inhibiting an enzyme or activating a receptor, leads to a change in disease status over time. Two main types of drug response can be defined based on the pattern of the time course of disease status. The most common is a symptomatic effect equivalent to a shift up or down of the natural history curve. Less common but quite clinically important is a disease-modifying effect equivalent to a change in the rate of disease progression.