Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.

Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin

Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin

Calcitonin, a vital polypeptide hormone, regulates calcium levels within body fluids. It is released by the parafollicular cells, also known as C cells, situated in the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin responds to fluctuations in blood calcium levels and the influence of gastrointestinal hormones like gastrin and cholecystokinin.
The exact mechanisms by which calcitonin operates in calcium homeostasis remain elusive, but its significance is evident in several vital...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Therapeutic potential of Relaxin-2 in Heart Failure with preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF).

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Progranulin deficiency induces premature vascular senescence and dysfunction.

American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology·2026

Same author

Focal adhesion proteins confer smooth muscle anoikis resistance and protection against aortic aneurysm and dissection.

JCI insight·2026

Same author

Endothelial CYB5R1 is a Coenzyme Q reductase that suppresses ferroptosis and atherosclerosis.

Research square·2025

Same author

Integrin'g Endocytosis and Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease.

Circulation research·2025

Same author

Medial arterial calcification in ageing and disease: current evidence and knowledge gaps.

European heart journal·2025

Same journal

Exploring the Role of Hypusine Signaling in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells for Mitigating Restenosis in Coronary Artery Disease.

Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology·2026

Same journal

Circulating Extracellular Mitochondria Perpetuate Endothelial Damage via Cardiolipin-Mediated Mitophagic Overload.

Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology·2026

Same journal

Myeloid Cell-Specific Deletion of LGR4 Suppresses Atherosclerotic Lesion Formation.

Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology·2026

Same journal

Building Resilience in Academic Science and Medicine.

Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology·2026

Same journal

Endothelial Continuum and Capillary Specialization in Pulmonary Vascular Development.

Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology·2026

Same journal

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Examining the Effect of Upregulation and Inhibition of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 in Mouse Models of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm.

Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 27, 2025

Author Spotlight: Investigating Physiological Functions of Vitamin A Transporters Using HPLC-Based Vitamin A Profiling

Author Spotlight: Investigating Physiological Functions of Vitamin A Transporters Using HPLC-Based Vitamin A Profiling

Published on: December 27, 2024

Retinoids: Dissolving the Calcification Paradox

Cynthia St Hilaire¹

¹From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology

|February 27, 2020

Summary

No abstract available in PubMed .

Keywords:

Editorials calcification cell differentiation human body osteoblasts retinoids

More Related Videos

Application of Retinoic Acid to Obtain Osteocytes Cultures from Primary Mouse Osteoblasts

Application of Retinoic Acid to Obtain Osteocytes Cultures from Primary Mouse Osteoblasts

Published on: May 13, 2014

Author Spotlight: Enhanced Quantification of Cardiovascular Calcification Progression for Longitudinal Micro PET/CT Studies in Small Research Animals

Author Spotlight: Enhanced Quantification of Cardiovascular Calcification Progression for Longitudinal Micro PET/CT Studies in Small Research Animals

Published on: November 15, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 27, 2025

Author Spotlight: Investigating Physiological Functions of Vitamin A Transporters Using HPLC-Based Vitamin A Profiling

Author Spotlight: Investigating Physiological Functions of Vitamin A Transporters Using HPLC-Based Vitamin A Profiling

Published on: December 27, 2024

Application of Retinoic Acid to Obtain Osteocytes Cultures from Primary Mouse Osteoblasts

Application of Retinoic Acid to Obtain Osteocytes Cultures from Primary Mouse Osteoblasts

Published on: May 13, 2014

Author Spotlight: Enhanced Quantification of Cardiovascular Calcification Progression for Longitudinal Micro PET/CT Studies in Small Research Animals

Author Spotlight: Enhanced Quantification of Cardiovascular Calcification Progression for Longitudinal Micro PET/CT Studies in Small Research Animals

Published on: November 15, 2024