Long Noncoding RNA X-Inactive Specific Transcript Facilitates Cellular Functions in Melanoma via miR-139-5p/ROCK1...

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Molecular Biology
• Genetics

Background:

• The role of X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) in melanoma pathogenesis is established, but its underlying mechanisms require elucidation.
• Understanding XIST's function is crucial for developing targeted melanoma therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the molecular mechanisms by which XIST influences melanoma progression.
• To identify key molecular players and pathways involved in XIST-mediated melanoma pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

• Utilized RNA sequencing, immunohistochemistry, and qRT-PCR to quantify XIST, miR-139-5p, and ROCK1 levels in melanoma.
• Performed cell proliferation, migration, and wound healing assays to assess cellular functions.
• Conducted RNA pull-down and xenograft experiments to validate molecular interactions and in vivo roles.

Main Results:

• XIST levels were elevated in melanoma tissues and correlated with advanced TNM stage and lymph node metastasis.
• XIST acted as a molecular sponge for miR-139-5p, promoting melanoma cell proliferation and migration.
• MiR-139-5p directly targeted ROCK1, suppressing its expression; this interaction was modulated by XIST.
• ROCK1 deletion mimicked the anti-oncogenic effects of XIST knockdown, while miR-139-5p upregulation inhibited melanoma cell functions.

Conclusions:

• The long non-coding RNA XIST promotes melanoma cell functions through the miR-139-5p/ROCK1 pathway.
• Targeting the XIST/miR-139-5p/ROCK1 axis presents a potential therapeutic strategy for melanoma.