Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Benzene to 1,4-Cyclohexadiene: Birch Reduction Mechanism

Benzene to 1,4-Cyclohexadiene: Birch Reduction Mechanism

Birch reduction uses solvated electrons as reducing agents. The reaction converts benzene to 1,4-cyclohexadiene. The reaction proceeds by the transfer of a single electron to the ring to form a benzene radical anion. This anion is highly basic—it abstracts a proton from the alcohol to form a cyclohexadienyl radical. Another single electron transfer gives the cyclohexadienyl anion. A proton transfer from the alcohol forms 1,4-cyclohexadiene. Since this reduction occurs via radical anion...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Quantitative Active Hydrogen Modulation via Mastering Interfacial Water Over Single Rare Earth Atom on Copper for NO<sub>3</sub> <sup>-</sup>-to-NH<sub>3</sub> Electroreduction.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026

Same author

Correction to "Enhancing the Selectivity of Cu<sub>2</sub>O-Based Catalysts for Multicarbon Products via Interface Engineering".

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026

Same author

Collaborative Pt-Ni Sites Enable CO-Tolerant Hydrocracking for Upcycling Polyolefin Waste.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026

Same author

Fourier spatial attention guided diffusion model for optimizing exposure inconsistencies in endoscopic images.

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

Single-atom photocatalyst for click reaction.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

High-Spin Pt Sites of Intermetallic Compound via Pinning Effect Boost Oxygen Reduction Performance.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

Published on: April 10, 2018

Bismuthene for highly efficient carbon dioxide electroreduction reaction.

Fa Yang^1,2, Ahmed O Elnabawy³, Roberto Schimmenti³

¹State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, & Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Chemical Power, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, 130022, Changchun, P.R. China.

Nature Communications

|February 29, 2020

Summary

Researchers synthesized free-standing Bismuthene, a 2D bismuth material, for the first time. This highly efficient electrocatalyst converts carbon dioxide (CO2) to formate with exceptional performance and durability.

More Related Videos

Versatile CO2 Transformations into Complex Products: A One-pot Two-step Strategy

Versatile CO2 Transformations into Complex Products: A One-pot Two-step Strategy

Published on: November 9, 2019

Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Nanotube with Doped Co and N Atoms and its Catalytic Applications in Hydrogen Production

Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Nanotube with Doped Co and N Atoms and its Catalytic Applications in Hydrogen Production

Published on: December 6, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

Published on: April 10, 2018

Versatile CO2 Transformations into Complex Products: A One-pot Two-step Strategy

Versatile CO2 Transformations into Complex Products: A One-pot Two-step Strategy

Published on: November 9, 2019

Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Nanotube with Doped Co and N Atoms and its Catalytic Applications in Hydrogen Production

Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Nanotube with Doped Co and N Atoms and its Catalytic Applications in Hydrogen Production

Published on: December 6, 2021

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Nanotechnology

Background:

Bismuth (Bi) is a known efficient electrocatalyst for CO2 reduction.
Two-dimensional (2D) bismuth monolayer (Bismuthene) structures were theoretically predicted but not experimentally realized.
Efficient CO2 reduction is crucial for sustainable energy and chemical production.

Purpose of the Study:

To achieve the first large-scale synthesis of free-standing Bismuthene.
To demonstrate the electrocatalytic efficiency of Bismuthene for CO2 reduction to formate (HCOO-).
To investigate the structure-activity relationship of Bismuthene in CO2 electroreduction.

Main Methods:

Large-scale synthesis of free-standing Bismuthene.
Electrochemical characterization of Bismuthene for CO2 reduction.
Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations to understand reaction mechanisms.

Main Results:

Successful synthesis of free-standing Bismuthene.
Achieved 99% Faradaic efficiency for formate production at -580 mV vs. RHE.
Demonstrated high durability with no decay after 75 hours and 400°C annealing.
DFT calculations revealed structure-sensitivity and the role of compressive strain on the Bismuthene (111) facet for selective HCOO- formation.

Conclusions:

Free-standing Bismuthene is synthesized and exhibits excellent electrocatalytic performance for CO2 to formate conversion.
The unique compressive strain on the Bismuthene (111) facet facilitates selective formate production.
This work opens avenues for exploring Bismuthene in various scientific and technological fields.