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DXA in Children and Adolescents.
Carly E Guss1, Alicia McAllister2, Catherine M Gordon3
1Boston Children's Hospital, Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Boston Children's Hospital, Division of Endocrinology, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Department of Pediatrics, Boston, MA, USA.
Summary
Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is crucial for pediatric skeletal, fat, and muscle assessment. Quality pediatric DXA requires specialized training and adherence to specific guidelines for accurate interpretation.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Medical Imaging
- Bone Densitometry
Background:
- Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is vital for assessing skeletal health, fat, and muscle mass in pediatric populations.
- Performing and interpreting DXA scans in children and adolescents presents unique challenges compared to adults.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review key considerations for performing and interpreting DXA scans in children and adolescents.
- To highlight differences in pediatric DXA compared to adult assessments.
- To guide clinicians, technologists, and scientists involved in pediatric DXA.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature and guidelines from the International Society for Clinical Densitometry (ISCD).
- Discussion of specific pediatric DXA parameters including measurement sites, required skills, reference data, and software.
- Consideration of indications and underlying disorders relevant to pediatric DXA interpretation.
Main Results:
- Pediatric DXA requires specialized training, distinct from adult protocols.
- Key differences include site selection, technical skills, reference data, and software.
- Referral to specialist pediatric DXA units is recommended for complex cases.
Conclusions:
- Adherence to quality procedures and specialized knowledge is essential for accurate pediatric DXA.
- The ISCD provides foundational training and positions for DXA practitioners.
- This review offers guidance for improving DXA use in pediatric populations.
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