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Genetic determinants of host immunity against human rhinovirus infections

Ian T Lamborn1,2, Helen C Su3

  • 1Human Immunological Diseases Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA.

Human Genetics
|March 1, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Human rhinoviruses (RV) cause respiratory infections. Genetic factors, like MDA5 and CDHR3, influence susceptibility to RV, but this area needs more research.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Human rhinoviruses (RV) are common causes of respiratory illness.
  • The genetic factors influencing RV susceptibility in humans are not well understood.
  • Innate immune receptors (TLRs, RIG-I, MDA5) and CDHR3 are implicated in RV response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the genetic determinants of human RV susceptibility.
  • To connect genetic factors with RV biology and innate immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on RV genetics and immunity.
  • Analysis of pathogen recognition receptors and cellular receptors involved in RV infection.

Main Results:

  • MDA5 deficiency is linked to RV susceptibility in humans.
  • A CDHR3 polymorphism increases susceptibility to RV-C.
  • Multiple genetic factors likely contribute to RV outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding genetic determinants is crucial for managing RV infections.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the genetic basis of RV susceptibility.

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