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Updated: Dec 27, 2025

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
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Phase retrieval based on the vectorial model of point spread function.

Nguyen Hieu Thao, Oleg Soloviev, Michel Verhaegen

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    This study introduces an efficient phase retrieval algorithm for high numerical aperture imaging. The new method accurately reconstructs phase information, outperforming existing techniques in various simulations.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Image Reconstruction
    • Computational Imaging

    Background:

    • Phase retrieval is crucial for reconstructing optical system aberrations.
    • Existing methods for high numerical aperture (NA) systems have limitations in accuracy or computational complexity.
    • Vectorial models are necessary for accurate high-NA imaging.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop an efficient and robust phase retrieval algorithm for high numerical aperture (NA) imaging systems.
    • To overcome the limitations of existing scalar diffraction-based and smooth-phase assumptions.
    • To provide a practical solution for phase retrieval with known or unknown pupil field amplitude.

    Main Methods:

    • An alternating minimization algorithm based on the vectorial point spread function (PSF) model.
    • Adaptable for scenarios with known or unknown pupil field amplitude.
    • Comparison against generalized scalar diffraction methods and extended Nijboer-Zernike expansions.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed algorithm demonstrates superior accuracy and efficiency compared to existing methods.
    • It effectively handles phase retrieval problems with discontinuous or sparse phase information.
    • Numerical simulations confirm the algorithm's robustness and practicability for high-NA systems.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed phase retrieval approach offers significant advantages for high-NA imaging.
    • It provides a more accurate and computationally feasible solution than current techniques.
    • The algorithm is well-suited for diverse and challenging phase retrieval applications.