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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiology
  • Head and Neck Surgery

Background:

  • Chemoradiation therapy (CRT) is a standard treatment for head and neck cancers.
  • Tongue volume changes after CRT can contribute to patient dysphagia.
  • The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and tongue volume post-CRT requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate changes in tongue volume following chemoradiation therapy (CRT).
  • To determine the predictive value of body mass index (BMI) on tongue volume changes after CRT.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 19 patients with tonsillar or hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma treated with CRT.
  • Tongue volumes were calculated from CT images obtained before and up to 29 months post-CRT.
  • Body mass index (BMI) was recorded at each time point; statistical analysis used linear mixed effects modeling.

Main Results:

  • A significant monthly decrease in tongue volume was observed post-CRT (0.45 cm³ per month).
  • Body mass index (BMI) was a strong predictor of tongue volume, with decreased BMI correlating with decreased tongue volume.
  • The inclusion of BMI in the model reduced the estimated monthly tongue volume decrease and showed BMI itself significantly decreased post-radiation.

Conclusions:

  • Tongue volume decreases significantly after chemoradiation therapy (CRT).
  • Body mass index (BMI) is a significant predictor of tongue volume changes post-CRT.
  • BMI may serve as a potential biomarker for predicting tongue volume and associated functional deficits, such as dysphagia, after CRT.