State of South Dakota's Child: 2019

The year 2018 continued a three-year trend of decreasing live resident births in South Dakota with increased racial diversity among the minority cohort of newborns. In 2018 there was a decrease in very low birth weight newborns and this was reflected in a decline from the previous year's infant mortality rate (IMR) of 7.8 to 5.9 per 1,000 births. The state's 2018 IMR also is lower than its previous five year (2013-17) mean rate of 6.5 and is not significantly different than the most current 2017 rate (5.8) for the U.S. Decreases from 2017 were also seen in the state's neonatal mortality rate for its white and minority populations, although not for its post neonatal mortality rate. The distribution of causes of infant death in 2014-18 in South Dakota show that compared to the U.S. (2017), a lower percent of infant deaths were caused by perinatal causes and a higher percent were caused by sudden unexpected infant death (SUID). In South Dakota, there is a significantly higher rate of death due to SUID among its minority than white infants and the state's rate of death due to this cause is significanly higher than what is observed nationally in 2017. The complexity of addressing this cause of death in the state is discussed.