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Updated: Dec 27, 2025

An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat
Published on: May 19, 2020
Reduced Left Atrial Emptying Fraction and Chymase Activation in Pathophysiology of Primary Mitral Regurgitation
Brittany Butts1, Mustafa I Ahmed1, Navkaranbir S Bajaj1
1Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
Abstract:
Increasing left atrial (LA) size predicts outcomes in patients with isolated mitral regurgitation (MR). Chymase is plentiful in the human heart and affects extracellular matrix remodeling. Chymase activation correlates to LA fibrosis, LA enlargement, and a decreased total LA emptying fraction in addition to having a potential intracellular role in mediating myofibrillar breakdown in LA myocytes. Because of the unreliability of the left ventricular ejection fraction in predicting outcomes in MR, LA size and the total LA emptying fraction may be more suitable indicators for timing of surgical intervention.
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