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Brugada phenocopies: Current evidence, diagnostic algorithms and a perspective for the future
Göksel Çinier1, Gary Tse2, Adrian Baranchuk3
1Department of Cardiology, Kaçkar State Hospital, Rize, Turkey.
Summary
Brugada phenocopies mimic Brugada syndrome's ECG patterns but stem from various causes. Differentiating them is crucial for correct management, guiding risk stratification for BrS and targeted treatment for BrP.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Genetics
- Electrophysiology
Background:
- Brugada syndrome (BrS) is a genetic channelopathy linked to life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.
- Diagnosis relies on the characteristic Brugada ECG pattern and clinical assessment.
- Brugada phenocopies (BrP) present with identical ECG patterns but result from diverse underlying conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current literature on Brugada phenocopies.
- To outline a systematic diagnostic approach for differentiating BrS and BrP.
- To identify knowledge gaps and future research directions for BrP.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review.
- Analysis of diagnostic criteria for BrS and BrP.
- Discussion of underlying causes of BrP, including metabolic, ischemic, and mechanical factors.
Main Results:
- BrP shares ECG features with BrS but has distinct etiologies.
- Accurate differentiation is vital for appropriate patient management.
- BrS necessitates risk stratification, while BrP requires treatment of the underlying cause.
Conclusions:
- Distinguishing BrP from BrS is clinically significant.
- A structured diagnostic pathway aids in identifying BrP.
- Further research is needed to fully understand and manage BrP.
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