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Development and Evaluation of an Objective Tympanic Membrane Visualization Assessment Technique.

Amir A Hakimi¹, Simon P Lalehzarian¹, Aaron S Lalehzarian¹

¹Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA.

The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology

|March 10, 2020

Summary

This study introduces a low-cost method using standardized patients and tympanic membrane photographs to objectively assess medical students' otoscopic visualization skills. Training significantly improved students' ability to match visualized images with correct photographs.

Keywords:

digital otoscope education medical students otoscope otoscopy smartphone

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Area of Science:

Medical Education
Otolaryngology
Diagnostic Skills Assessment

Background:

Objective evaluation of otoscopic visualization is crucial for medical training.
Current methods may lack objectivity or be resource-intensive.
Standardized patients offer a controlled environment for clinical skill assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

To present an inexpensive, objective method for evaluating otoscopic visualization of the tympanic membrane.
To assess the effectiveness of this method in medical learners.
To compare the performance of first- and third-year medical students.

Main Methods:

Photographs of tympanic membranes were taken from two standardized patients.
Medical students performed otoscopic examinations and matched visualized images to a set of photographs.
Performance was assessed before and after didactic training and compared between student cohorts.

Main Results:

Third-year students showed higher baseline matching accuracy than first-year students (27% vs 8%).
Following training, correct matching significantly improved for both first-year (8% to 31%) and third-year students (27% to 54%).
The method demonstrated construct validity by differentiating between student experience levels.

Conclusions:

Tympanic membrane photographs from standardized patients offer a novel, objective assessment technique.
This low-cost method is suitable for pre-clinical and ongoing medical education.
The approach enhances the evaluation of middle ear visualization proficiency.