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Errors as a Means of Reducing Impulsive Food Choice
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Network failures: When incentives trigger impulsive responses.

Peter Zhukovsky1,2, Sharon Morein-Zamir3, Chun Meng1,4

  • 1Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

Human Brain Mapping
|March 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Failures in impulse control, common in stimulant use disorder, are linked to fronto-striatal network activity. Drug cues specifically heighten impulsivity in individuals with stimulant dependence.

Keywords:
fMRIimpulsivitymonetary incentive delaystimulant drug dependence

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Impulse control is crucial for daily functioning but impaired in neuropsychiatric disorders like stimulant use disorder.
  • The neural basis of impulse control deficits remains unclear, with debate on whether it involves impaired behavioral suppression or heightened incentive-driven behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural correlates of premature responses during incentive anticipation in healthy controls, stimulant-dependent individuals, and their siblings.
  • To differentiate between impaired suppression and over-invigoration hypotheses of impulse control failure.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to map brain activity during the Monetary Incentive Delay (MID) task.
  • Task-based fMRI data were analyzed in conjunction with dynamic causal modeling (DCM).
  • Participants included healthy controls (HC), stimulant-dependent individuals (SDIs), and their unaffected first-degree siblings (SIB).

Main Results:

  • Failures in impulse control were associated with interactions between cingulo-opercular and dorsal striatal networks across all groups.
  • Drug-related incentives specifically increased premature responding in SDIs.
  • In SDIs, drug cues shifted task modulation from the dorsal striatal network to the cingulo-opercular network.

Conclusions:

  • Impulsive actions are triggered by salient, personally relevant incentive stimuli.
  • Distinct fronto-striatal networks are recruited for these impulsive actions, particularly in conditions like stimulant use disorder.
  • Incentive salience critically modulates impulsivity in SDIs, highlighting the role of drug cues in aberrant control.