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Modelling phase imperfections in compound refractive lenses.

Rafael Celestre¹, Sebastien Berujon¹, Thomas Roth¹

¹ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France.

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation

|March 11, 2020

Summary

This study presents a physical optics framework to simulate imperfect compound refractive lenses (CRLs) for X-ray beams. The model incorporates measured phase errors, advancing lens simulation accuracy and design validation.

Keywords:

CRLs SRW X-ray optics compound refractive lenses physical optics simulation wavefront propagation

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Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Materials Science
X-ray Physics

Background:

Compound refractive lenses (CRLs) are crucial for X-ray optics, but their performance is limited by imperfections.
Accurate simulation of CRLs requires accounting for optical aberrations and material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a physical optics simulation framework for imperfect CRLs.
To assess the impact of measured phase errors on X-ray beam propagation through CRLs.
To evaluate the suitability of current design equations and figures of merit for imperfect CRLs.

Main Methods:

Modeling CRL stacks with increasing complexity: thin phase element, compound element with absorption/thickness, and inclusion of optical imperfections.
Utilizing coherent and partially coherent simulations with the Synchrotron Radiation Workshop (SRW) software.
Incorporating at-wavelength metrology data for measured phase errors.

Main Results:

The developed framework accurately simulates X-ray beam propagation through imperfect CRLs.
Phase errors significantly impact beam quality and focusing performance.
The study validates existing design equations and figures of merit under realistic conditions.

Conclusions:

The physical optics framework provides a robust tool for designing and evaluating CRLs with optical imperfections.
Accurate characterization and simulation of phase errors are essential for optimal CRL performance in X-ray applications.
This work advances the understanding and application of CRLs in synchrotron radiation and X-ray imaging.