Emergency Imaging in Pregnancy and Lactation

Area of Science:

• Radiology
• Emergency Medicine
• Obstetrics

Background:

• Diagnostic imaging use in emergency settings has surged.
• Imaging pregnant and lactating patients presents unique challenges.
• Radiologists play a key consultative role for referring physicians.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review safety and appropriateness of imaging modalities for pregnant and lactating patients.
• To discuss risks associated with ionizing radiation, contrast media, and radiopharmaceuticals.
• To cover special considerations in emergency imaging for this population.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of safety and appropriateness issues.
• Discussion of various imaging modalities including ionizing radiation, MRI, and ultrasound.
• Examination of contrast media (iodinated and gadolinium-based) and radiopharmaceuticals.
• Inclusion of special considerations like trauma, claustrophobia, and adverse reactions.

Main Results:

• Safety and appropriateness concerns vary across different imaging modalities.
• Ionizing radiation, iodinated/gadolinium contrast media, and radiopharmaceuticals require careful consideration.
• MRI and ultrasound have specific safety profiles and considerations.
• Management of contrast extravasation and allergic reactions is crucial.

Conclusions:

• Understanding risks and benefits of imaging tests is vital for pregnant and lactating patients.
• Radiologists' consultation is essential for appropriate and safe emergency imaging.
• Comprehensive review addresses key safety aspects and consent processes for these examinations.