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Atomic Force Microscopy

Atomic Force Microscopy

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a type of scanning probe microscopy that can analyze topographic details of various specimens like ceramics, glass, polymers, and biological samples. AFM offers over 1000 times more resolution than the optical imaging system. Images generated from AFM are three-dimensional surface profiles, offering an advantage over the flat, two-dimensional images from other imaging techniques.
The AFM Probe
The probe is regarded as the heart of any AFM setup and comprises the...

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Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

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Manipulating cold atoms through a high-resolution compact system based on a multimode fiber.

Nicolas Vitrant, Kilian Müller, Sébastien Garcia

|March 13, 2020

Summary

A standard optical fiber can precisely manipulate cold atoms with micron-level resolution. This compact, high-resolution tool enables new quantum technology platforms in confined spaces.

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Last Updated: Dec 26, 2025

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

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Published on: March 30, 2017

Low-cost Custom Fabrication and Mode-locked Operation of an All-normal-dispersion Femtosecond Fiber Laser for Multiphoton Microscopy

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Implementation of a Reference Interferometer for Nanodetection

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Published on: April 26, 2014

Area of Science:

Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
Quantum Technologies
Nanophotonics

Background:

Manipulating cold atoms typically requires complex optical setups with significant space and access.
Existing methods for atom manipulation face limitations in resolution and miniaturization for constrained environments.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate a novel, ultra-compact tool for high-resolution cold atom manipulation using standard optical fibers.
To explore the potential of optical fibers for quantum technology platforms with limited optical access.

Main Methods:

Utilizing a standard multimode optical fiber as the primary manipulation tool.
Employing spatial light modulators and digital optical phase conjugation to generate control beams at the fiber's in-vacuum end.
Achieving atom manipulation without additional in-vacuum optics.

Main Results:

Demonstrated a high-resolution ($ \sim 1\;{\unicode{x00B5}{\rm m}} $) manipulation capability with an ultra-compact transverse size (225 µm).
Successfully optically transported cold atoms to the fiber end.
Loaded cold atoms into optical microtraps and re-cooled them using optical molasses.

Conclusions:

Standard optical fibers can serve as effective, high-resolution tools for cold atom manipulation in space-constrained setups.
This approach offers new perspectives for integrating cold atoms with other systems in quantum technology.
Advances in optics for complex media enable novel, miniaturized quantum platforms.