Monoclonal Antibodies Against Infectious Microbes: So Long and Too Little!

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Pharmacology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Antimicrobial resistance necessitates novel therapeutic strategies.
• Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) provide targeted pharmacotherapy with high specificity and efficacy.
• Conventional antimicrobials face challenges due to widespread resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting microbial pathogens.
• To highlight the role of mAbs in combating infectious diseases.
• To discuss advancements and challenges in mAb development for infectious conditions.

Main Methods:

• Review of approved and investigational monoclonal antibodies for infectious diseases.
• Discussion of current antibody engineering and production technologies.
• Analysis of the clinical applications and limitations of antimicrobial mAbs.

Main Results:

• Five mAbs are approved for infectious conditions: palivizumab (RSV), ibalizumab-uiyk (HIV-1), raxibacumab (anthrax), obiltoxaximab (anthrax), and bezlotoxumab (C. difficile).
• Approximately 30 viral and 15 bacterial mAbs are in development.
• Cutting-edge technologies enhance mAb production, but manufacturing cost remains a barrier.

Conclusions:

• Antimicrobial mAbs are essential alternatives and complements to conventional treatments.
• MAbs are particularly relevant for emerging viral outbreaks lacking vaccines.
• Continued innovation in mAb technology is vital for addressing global infectious disease challenges.