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Artificial intelligence and machine learning in respiratory medicine.

Evgeni Mekov1, Marc Miravitlles2, Rosen Petkov1

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Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are increasingly used in respiratory medicine, particularly for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). These technologies can aid clinical decisions and reduce medical errors.

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Area of Science:

  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Medical Informatics

Background:

  • Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are gaining prominence in medical applications.
  • Their role in respiratory medicine is a rapidly evolving area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and describe studies utilizing AI and ML in the field of respiratory diseases.
  • To identify key areas and applications within respiratory medicine where AI and ML are being employed.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed.
  • The search strategy employed was '(((pulmonary) OR respiratory)) AND ((artificial intelligence) OR machine learning)'.

Main Results:

  • The majority of identified studies focused on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including its diagnosis, treatment, and interpretation of imaging (CT scans) and pulmonary function tests.
  • Other significant areas included interstitial lung disease diagnosis, mechanical ventilation, chest X-ray interpretation, and bronchial asthma diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • AI and ML show potential to assist physicians in clinical decision-making, particularly in cases with inconclusive evidence.
  • These technologies can help mitigate human errors in medicine, potentially leading to significant financial savings.
  • AI and ML are unlikely to completely replace healthcare professionals but will serve as valuable supportive tools.