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Rapid High-throughput Species Identification of Botanical Material Using Direct Analysis in Real Time High Resolution Mass Spectrometry

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Published on: October 2, 2016

Urushiol Compounds Detected in Toxicodendron-Labeled Consumer Products Using Mass Spectrometry.

Amy J Zhang^1,2, Kelly A Aschenbeck¹, Brandon F Law³

¹From the University of Minnesota Medical School.

Dermatitis : Contact, Atopic, Occupational, Drug

|March 14, 2020

Summary

Urushiol, a potent allergen found in poison ivy, was detected in several consumer products listing Toxicodendron species. This study confirms the presence of these allergenic compounds in products, alerting clinicians to potential risks.

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Area of Science:

Analytical Chemistry
Dermatology
Toxicology

Background:

Urushiol is the primary allergen in Toxicodendron plants like poison ivy, composed of alk-(en)-yl catechols.
Consumer products containing Toxicodendron species are increasingly available.
Previous studies have not confirmed the presence of urushiol in these products.

Purpose of the Study:

To ascertain the presence of urushiol compounds in consumer products labeled with Toxicodendron species.
To identify specific urushiol congeners within these products.

Main Methods:

Analysis of 9 consumer products using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
GC-MS employed single ion monitoring to detect alk-(en)-yl catechols after silanization.
LC-MS/MS targeted specific urushiol pentadecylcatechols and heptadecylcatechols.

Main Results:

Alk-(en)-yl catechols were identified in 67% (6/9) of the tested products via GC-MS.
Multiple urushiol pentadecylcatechols and heptadecylcatechols were detected in 44% (4/9) of products using LC-MS/MS.

Conclusions:

The study confirmed the presence of allergenic alk-(en)-yl catechols and urushiols in consumer products listing Toxicodendron species.
Clinicians should be aware of the potential presence of these known allergens in consumer products.
This highlights a potential risk for allergic contact dermatitis from these products.