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A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks
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[Belgorod region - the territory endemic for hepatitis E.]

K K Kyuregyan1,2, A D Polyakov3,4, I A Potemkin1,2

  • 1Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, 105064, Russia.

Voprosy Virusologii
|March 14, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is endemic in the Belgorod region, with 16.4% of the population showing immunity. High HEV prevalence in pigs (20%) and shared genotype 3 sequences highlight the need for control measures in this pig-breeding center.

Keywords:
hepatitis Ehepatitis E viruszoonosis

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The Belgorod region exhibits the highest incidence of Hepatitis E in the Russian Federation.
  • Hepatitis E virus (HEV) poses a significant public health concern, necessitating a thorough understanding of its transmission dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively characterize Hepatitis E virus (HEV) circulation in the Belgorod region.
  • To assess population immunity to HEV, determine HEV prevalence in pigs, and analyze the genetic diversity of HEV strains from human and animal sources.

Main Methods:

  • ELISA was used to test serum samples from 2027 individuals for anti-HEV IgG and IgM.
  • HEV RNA was detected in fecal samples from 526 pigs, 10 sewage samples, and 6 patient stool samples using RT-PCR.
  • Phylogenetic analysis was conducted on amplified HEV sequences.

Main Results:

  • 16.4% of the general population had anti-HEV IgG, with prevalence increasing with age.
  • HEV RNA was detected in 20% of pigs and in 2 out of 10 sewage samples.
  • HEV strains from patients, pigs, and sewage belonged to genotype 3, showing high homology and forming common phylogenetic clusters.

Conclusions:

  • The high prevalence of HEV in the pig population contributes to the endemic status of Hepatitis E in the Belgorod region.
  • Implementing measures to reduce HEV circulation in pigs and decontaminate farm sewage is crucial for controlling HEV infection.