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Modulation of rhythmic function in the posterior midbrain.

E Garcia-Rill1, R D Skinner

  • 1Department of Anatomy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock 72205.

Neuroscience
|November 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Researchers studied neuronal activity in cats to understand locomotion control. They found distinct neuron groups in the midbrain control different aspects of rhythmic movement, suggesting a broader role for this region in generating various rhythmic activities.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Locomotion

Background:

  • The posterior midbrain, specifically the cuneiform and pedunculopontine nuclei, is implicated in motor control.
  • This region is known as the mesencephalic locomotor region.
  • It is also linked to various other rhythmic activities like respiration and sleep cycles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate neuronal activity in the posterior midbrain during fictive locomotion.
  • To differentiate neuronal roles in the onset, alternation, and termination of rhythmic hindlimb activity.
  • To localize recording sites relative to pedunculopontine neurons using histochemistry.

Main Methods:

  • Single unit recordings in the posterior midbrain of cats in a fictive locomotion preparation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Precollicular-postmammillary transection to isolate hindlimb neurographic activity.
  • Histochemical identification of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase positive neurons for site localization.

    • Main Results:

    • Neurons in the cuneiform nucleus area were preferentially related to the bursting (alternation) of neurographic activity.
    • Neurons in the pedunculopontine nucleus area were preferentially related to the onset ('on') or termination ('off') of rhythmic episodes.
    • Distinct cell populations correlated with the frequency of alternation versus the duration of cyclic episodes.

    Conclusions:

    • The cuneiform-pedunculopontine nucleus area plays distinct roles in generating rhythmic motor activity.
    • A hypothesis proposes oscillatory reverberations between cholinergic and aminergic centers generate diverse rhythmic functions.
    • This midbrain region may act as a central pattern generator for multiple rhythmic behaviors.