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Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

82.0K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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General Transcription Factors01:30

General Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
6.6K
Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

7.6K
Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
7.6K
Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

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2.6K
Transcription01:10

Transcription

154.6K
Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
154.6K
Transcription01:17

Transcription

32.0K
Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in correctly synthesizing messenger RNA (mRNA). Transcriptional regulation is responsible for the differentiation of different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
32.0K

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Tead transcription factors differentially regulate cortical development.

Tanzila Mukhtar1, Jeremie Breda2, Alice Grison1

  • 1Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 28, CH-4058, Basel, Switzerland.

Scientific Reports
|March 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hippo signaling controls neural stem cell behavior and neuron production during brain development. Yap1/Taz and Tead transcription factors play distinct roles in generating specific neuron types and guiding their migration.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Neural stem cells (NSCs) in the cerebral cortex produce diverse neurons.
  • The precise mechanisms governing neuron production, differentiation, and migration remain incompletely understood.
  • Hippo signaling, involving Tead transcription factors (TFs), influences gene expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the distinct roles of Hippo signaling components, specifically Yap1/Taz and Teads, in cortical development.
  • To investigate how these factors regulate NSC maintenance, neuron production, differentiation, and migration.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of Hippo signaling pathways in the developing cerebral cortex.
  • Investigating the functions of Yap1/Taz and Tead TFs in NSC behavior and neuron generation.
  • Examining the impact on specific neuronal populations (Satb2+, Tbr1+).
  • Assessing regulation of neuronal migration to the cortical plate.

Main Results:

  • Yap1/Taz promote NSC maintenance and Satb2+ neuron production, while inhibiting Tbr1+ neuron generation.
  • Teads have moderate effects on NSC maintenance and do not influence Satb2+ neuron differentiation.
  • Tead2 inhibits Tbr1+ neuron formation, whereas Tead1 and Tead3 promote it.
  • Hippo pathway effectors reciprocally regulate neuronal migration, with ApoE, Dab2, and Cyr61 identified as Tead targets involved in fate determination and migration.

Conclusions:

  • Hippo signaling plays multifaceted and critical roles throughout cortical development.
  • Yap1/Taz and Teads exhibit distinct functions in regulating NSC fate and neuronal differentiation.
  • Hippo signaling components are essential for orchestrating neuronal migration to the cortical plate.