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Arbidol combined with LPV/r versus LPV/r alone against Corona Virus Disease 2019: A retrospective cohort study
Lisi Deng1, Chunna Li1, Qi Zeng2
1Department of Infectious Diseases, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 52 East Meihua Road, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong Province, China.
Insights
Arbidol combined with lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) showed improved outcomes for COVID-19 patients. This combination therapy led to higher viral detection rates and better pneumonia resolution compared to LPV/r monotherapy.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pulmonology
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, spread rapidly from Wuhan.
- Antiviral treatments are crucial for managing COVID-19.
- Investigating combination therapies is essential for effective treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the efficacy of arbidol plus lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) versus LPV/r monotherapy in COVID-19 patients.
- To evaluate viral clearance and pneumonia progression in different treatment groups.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study of adult COVID-19 patients without invasive ventilation.
- Patients received either oral arbidol and LPV/r combination or LPV/r monotherapy for 5-21 days.
- Primary endpoints included viral negative conversion rates at days 7 and 14, and chest CT assessment of pneumonia at day 7.
Main Results:
- The combination group (16 patients) showed significantly higher viral clearance rates at day 7 (75%) and day 14 (94%) compared to the monotherapy group (17 patients: 35% and 52.9%, respectively).
- Chest CT scans indicated improvement in pneumonia for 69% of patients in the combination group versus 29% in the monotherapy group after seven days.
- Baseline characteristics were similar between the two groups.
Conclusions:
- Arbidol combined with LPV/r demonstrated a favorable clinical response in COVID-19 patients.
- The findings support the potential benefit of this combination therapy over LPV/r monotherapy.
- Further research is warranted to confirm these results.
Background:
Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan city and rapidly spread throughout China. We aimed to compare arbidol and lopinavir/ritonavir(LPV/r) treatment for patients with COVID-19 with LPV/r only.
Methods:
In this retrospective cohort study, we included adults (age≥18years) with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 without Invasive ventilation, diagnosed between Jan 17, 2020, and Feb 13, 2020. Patients, diagnosed after Jan 17, 2020, were given oral arbidol and LPV/r in the combination group and oral LPV/r only in the monotherapy group for 5-21 days. The primary endpoint was a negative conversion rate of coronavirus from the date of COVID-19 diagnosis(day7, day14), and assessed whether the pneumonia was progressing or improving by chest CT (day7).
Results:
We analyzed 16 patients who received oral arbidol and LPV/r in the combination group and 17 who oral LPV/r only in the monotherapy group, and both initiated after diagnosis. Baseline clinical, laboratory, and chest CT characteristics were similar between groups. The SARS-CoV-2 could not be detected for 12(75%) of 16 patients' nasopharyngeal specimens in the combination group after seven days, compared with 6 (35%) of 17 in the monotherapy group (p < 0·05). After 14 days, 15 (94%) of 16 and 9 (52·9%) of 17, respectively, SARS-CoV-2 could not be detected (p < 0·05). The chest CT scans were improving for 11(69%) of 16 patients in the combination group after seven days, compared with 5(29%) of 17 in the monotherapy group (p < 0·05).
Conclusion:
In patients with COVID-19, the apparent favorable clinical response with arbidol and LPV/r supports further LPV/r only.
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