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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Modeling Brain Metastasis Via Tail-Vein Injection of Inflammatory Breast Cancer Cells
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Circulating MicroRNAs and Blood-Brain-Barrier Function in Breast Cancer Metastasis.

Carolin J Curtaz1, Constanze Schmitt2, Kinga G Blecharz-Lang3

  • 1Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.

Current Pharmaceutical Design
|March 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Breast cancer brain metastases involve cancer cell migration across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). MicroRNAs within extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key players in this process, influencing BBB function and cancer progression.

Keywords:
Metastatic breast cancerblood-brain barrierbrain metastasesextracellular vesicles (EVs)in vitro modelsmicroRNA.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Brain metastases are a significant cause of mortality in breast cancer patients.
  • Cancer cell migration across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is critical for brain metastasis formation.
  • The BBB restricts the passage of substances, including anti-cancer drugs, into the brain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of microRNAs in breast cancer and blood-brain barrier (BBB) function.
  • To explore the involvement of microRNAs carried by extracellular vesicles (EVs) in brain metastasis.
  • To discuss the utility of in vitro BBB models for studying brain metastasis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of microRNAs in breast cancer and BBB function.
  • Analysis of extracellular vesicle (EV) mediated cell-cell communication.
  • Examination of established in vitro blood-brain barrier (BBB) models.

Main Results:

  • MicroRNAs are implicated in both breast cancer progression and blood-brain barrier (BBB) regulation.
  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve as carriers of microRNAs, influencing target cell function.
  • In vitro BBB models provide a platform for investigating brain metastasis mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs are crucial regulators in breast cancer brain metastasis.
  • Understanding microRNA-mediated communication via EVs is vital for targeting brain metastases.
  • In vitro BBB models are valuable tools for advancing research in this area.