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The relationship between neurocognitive decline and the heart-lung machine
Christina L Tamargo1, Mousa Botros1, Radu V Saveanu1
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
Journal of Cardiac Surgery
|March 17, 2020
Summary
Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery may cause neurocognitive decline, but the direct link is debated. Preoperative cognitive impairment may increase risks, warranting further research into CPB's effects.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Cardiovascular Surgery
- Cognitive Science
Background:
- Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is frequently linked to cerebral changes and potential neurocognitive deficits.
- A significant debate exists regarding whether CPB itself is the direct cause of these neurocognitive outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the existing evidence on neurocognitive decline associated with cardiopulmonary bypass.
- To investigate the specific role of CPB in causing neurocognitive impairment following cardiac surgery.
Main Methods:
- Conducted a systematic literature review using PubMed.
- Supplemented the review with recent articles from other relevant sources.
- Examined current evidence on neurocognitive decline in patients undergoing CPB.
Main Results:
- Surgeries involving CPB are associated with cerebral changes and potential neurocognitive decline.
- The direct causality between CPB and neurocognitive decline remains unclear.
- Individuals with preoperative cognitive impairment may be more susceptible to CPB's adverse effects.
Conclusions:
- Preoperative cognitive impairment should be screened as a risk factor for adverse outcomes in CPB patients.
- Further research comparing on-pump and off-pump surgery cohorts is necessary.
- Intensive screening for preoperative cognitive decline is crucial to understand the true neurocognitive consequences of CPB.
Keywords:
cardiopulmonary bypassdementiaheart-lung machinemild neurocognitive impairmentneurocognitive declineMore Related Videos
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