Unilateral Abducens Nerve Palsy Following Perinatal Stroke of the Middle Cerebral Artery

The authors describe a case of unilateral abducens nerve palsy following perinatal stroke of the middle cerebral artery. A 1-year-old boy presented with left eye esotropia but no other ocular abnormalities. The patient's history, examination, and diagnostic tests were consistent with abducens nerve palsy. He underwent left medial rectus recession of 5.5 mm and left lateral rectus resection of 7 mm followed by patching. At 15 months after surgery, primary gaze by prism alternate cover testing revealed a 4 prism diopter (PD) esophoria (small angle in left gaze with essentially no action of lateral rectus) and 2 PD right hyperphoria. Ophthalmologic management of abducens nerve palsy entails addressing neurological sequelae in a timely manner, treating the esotropia and strabismic amblyopia to optimize visual system development. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2020;57:e30-e33.].