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Frustration occurs when people are obstructed or prevented from achieving a desired goal or fulfilling a perceived need. For example, when someone's input is ignored in a discussion, it can lead to feelings of frustration. Conflict, however, arises from opposing interests, goals, or actions. Conflicts can take various forms based on the nature of these opposing desires or goals.
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A mobile approach-avoidance task.

Hilmar G Zech1, Mark Rotteveel2, Wilco W van Dijk3

  • 1Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands. h.g.zech@fsw.leidenuniv.nl.

Behavior Research Methods
|March 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new mobile approach-avoidance task (AAT) on smartphones reliably measures behavioral tendencies toward stimuli. This flexible tool combines modern capabilities with original AAT properties for lab and field research.

Keywords:
AATapproach-avoidanceforcemobilereaction times

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Approach and avoidance tendencies are crucial for understanding behaviors like addiction, phobia, and discrimination.
  • The original approach-avoidance task (AAT) relied on physical distance, a property lost in desktop versions.
  • Modern AAT versions offer flexibility but lack the original's key behavioral dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel, mobile version of the AAT that runs on smartphones.
  • To integrate the flexibility of modern tasks with the behavioral properties of the original AAT.
  • To enable field deployment and incorporate response force measurement alongside reaction time.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a smartphone-based approach-avoidance task (AAT).
  • Inclusion of reaction time and response force measurements.
  • Two studies conducted in laboratory and field settings.

Main Results:

  • The mobile AAT reliably measured known approach-avoidance tendencies.
  • Effectiveness demonstrated using happy and angry facial stimuli.
  • Validation in both controlled laboratory and real-world field conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The mobile AAT successfully combines task flexibility with the behavioral richness of the original.
  • This tool is suitable for both laboratory and field research on approach-avoidance behaviors.
  • The inclusion of response force offers a novel dimension for behavioral measurement.