Direct carotid-cavernous fistula: an atypical presentation

Posttraumatic carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) is a very rare complication that can occur in patients with craniomaxillofacial trauma. It is defined by abnormal communication between arteries and veins located in the cavernous sinus. CCFs can be divided into two groups: direct, which are usually post traumatic and classically with a high flow and acute onset of symptoms. On the other hand, indirect CCFs are in the most of cases idiopathic and typically insidious of onset. The aim of the present case report is to describe an atypical presentation of direct CCF characterized by the insidious onset of symptoms with the goal to think about this rare complication and so not to delay the treatment which is an emergency in this case.