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Assessing Changes in Synaptic Plasticity Using an Awake Closed-Head Injury Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Published on: January 20, 2023
[Prognostic factors and profile in traumatic brain injury in the paediatric age]
M Sanz-Palau1, A López-Sala1, A Palacio-Navarro1
1Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, España.
Insights
Pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to significant cognitive and behavioral deficits. Early TBI in infancy and preschool years is associated with worse outcomes, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Neurology
- Neuropsychology
- Developmental Psychology
Background:
- Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability in children.
- Limited literature exists on TBI outcomes in the Spanish pediatric population.
- Early brain injury in children is linked to more severe long-term consequences.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze intelligence profiles, executive functions, and behavior in pediatric TBI survivors.
- To investigate the impact of injury age, severity, and environmental factors on cognitive and behavioral outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Seventy-one children aged 6-16 with moderate to severe TBI were included.
- Participants underwent assessments of intelligence (IQ), executive functions, and behavior.
Main Results:
- Children with TBI face increased risks of disability across intelligence, executive functions, and behavior.
- Infants and preschoolers with TBI showed more pronounced effects on IQ and executive functions.
Conclusions:
- Socioeconomic and cultural factors significantly predict intelligence quotient and behavioral outcomes in pediatric TBI.
- Findings aid in understanding TBI sequelae for improved rehabilitation and functional re-adaptation planning.
Introduction:
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common cause of death and disability in the paediatric population, although the literature on the Spanish population is scarce. From the perspective of early vulnerability, recent research findings suggest that early brain injury has worse sequelae and a higher risk of impact.
Aims:
To analyse the intelligence profile, executive functions and behaviour, and examine the association between age at the time of the injury, severity of the TBI and environmental factors for cognitive and behavioural outcomes.
Patients And Methods:
Seventy-one participants with moderate to severe TBI, from 6 to 16 years of age, were assessed with measures of intelligence (intelligence quotient), executive functions and behaviour.
Results:
Children with TBI are at increased risk of disability in all aspects of intelligence, executive functions and behaviour. Children who suffered a traumatic brain injury in infancy and the preschool period had more overall effects on intelligence quotient and some aspects of the executive functions.
Conclusions:
Socioeconomic and cultural factors are the best predictors for intelligence quotient and behaviour. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the sequelae of TBI in children, which will help in rehabilitation planning and re-adaptation to functional life.
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