Shenkang injection improves coagulation in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and...

To investigate the effect of Shenkang injection (SKI) on chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Seven databases including Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and CQVIP from their inception to March 2018 were searched. Only randomized controlled trials that evaluated conventional treatment and conventional treatment with SKI in CKD patients were investigated. Outcomes such as fibrinogen (FIB), D-dimer, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and the side effects of SKI were analyzed using Revman 5.3 software. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias tool and the quality of evidence was assessed using GRADEpro.

Four randomized controlled trials were investigated in our analysis, and these studies were of moderate quality. For FIB and D-dimer, SKI had a superior effect compared with the control group [mean difference (MD)= －1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI): －1.46, －1.99, P < 0.01; MD = －1.36, 95% CI: －1.51, －1.21, P < 0.01, respectively]. SKI increased APTT and PT compared with the control (MD = 7.34, 95% CI: 3.05, 11.62, P < 0.01; MD = 3.40, 95% CI: 2.2, 4.61, P < 0.01, respectively). In the four studies, there were no side effects that were related to SKI.

SKI may be effective in improving coagulation in patients with CKD without obvious adverse reactions. However, more well-designed studies are required to confirm the findings.