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Frost Action on Concrete01:27

Frost Action on Concrete

322
Concrete structures in cold climates, such as those along roadsides, can retain moisture. This moisture makes them susceptible to frost-related damage when temperatures fall below freezing. Adding moisture worsens the damage during temperature fluctuations, leading to repeated freezing and thawing. De-icing salts, spread over these structures to melt ice, add to the freeze-thaw cycle, and draw even more moisture into the concrete.
This freeze-thaw cycle primarily causes surface scaling, where...
322

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Updated: Dec 26, 2025

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Bitumen surface microstructure evolution in subzero environments.

F Tarpoudi Baheri1,2, T M Schutzius2, D Poulikakos2

  • 1Laboratory for Road Engineering/Sealing Components, Empa, Dübendorf, Switzerland.

Journal of Microscopy
|March 19, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Researchers studied bitumen

Keywords:
AFM-IRAsphaltFTIRbitumenmicrostructuressubzero temperaturesurface chemistry

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Bitumen is crucial for pavement and construction.
  • Its temperature-dependent surface properties are vital for performance.
  • Cold temperature behavior of bitumen surfaces is understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate bitumen's surface texture and composition at subzero temperatures.
  • To understand the impact of cold on bitumen's performance in engineering applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized advanced atomic force microscopy combined with infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR).
  • Employed an environmental chamber for controlled temperature testing.
  • Characterized surface structure and composition at nanoscale precision.

Main Results:

  • Bitumen's surface microtexture, nanotexture, and composition change significantly at subzero temperatures.
  • The 'para' domain coarsens, forming a new interfacial transition domain.
  • Distinct mechanical and chemical properties were observed between surface domains (catana, peri, para).

Conclusions:

  • This study enhances understanding of bitumen behavior in cold environments.
  • Findings can improve the performance of roads and sealants in subzero conditions.