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Researchers measured the spectrum of neutral thulium, discovering 348 new energy levels and revising existing ones. This study provides crucial data for atomic physics and spectroscopy applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Atomic Physics
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Accurate atomic energy level data is fundamental for understanding atomic structure and processes.
  • Previous studies on neutral thulium (Tm I) have provided a basis, but gaps and inaccuracies remain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a comprehensive new dataset of neutral thulium spectral lines.
  • To identify new energy levels and refine existing ones using advanced spectroscopic techniques.
  • To analyze the Zeeman effect for selected spectral lines.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a microwave-excited thulium-iodide lamp for spectral observations.
  • Extended spectral measurements from 2513 Å to 11750 Å.
  • Employed a 6A sliding spark to identify second spectrum lines and analyzed Zeeman patterns.

Main Results:

  • Recorded a new set of thulium spectrum measurements.
  • Discovered 348 previously unknown energy levels in neutral thulium.
  • Revised the values for 142 known energy levels and provided measured Landé g-factors for most levels.

Conclusions:

  • The new data significantly expands the known energy level structure of neutral thulium.
  • This work provides a more accurate foundation for theoretical calculations and applications in atomic physics.
  • The detailed spectral and Zeeman data will aid in future atomic structure analyses.