Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in non-HIV patients with tuberculosis. A case series

Tuberculosis associated Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in a HIV negative patient can present with a multitude of clinic-radiological presentations that are often confused with drug resistance/treatment failure. Being a diagnosis of exclusion, this clinical entity is often prone to under-diagnosis. We present a series of 5 patients who presented with varied but uncommon IRIS manifestations. High index of suspicion coupled with clinical reasoning and judicious use of phenotypic and genotypic culture methods helped in their timely detection and successful treatment.