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Endophytic microbial assemblage in grapevine.

E Deyett1, P E Rolshausen1

  • 1Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.

FEMS Microbiology Ecology
|March 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Grapevine roots act as a filter for microbes, primarily colonized by soil bacteria and fungi. Distinct microbial communities exist above and below ground, with plant sap facilitating limited exchange.

Keywords:
Vitisendophyteendospheregrapevinemicrobiomerhizosphere

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Area of Science:

  • Plant microbiology
  • Microbial ecology
  • Vascular plant biology

Background:

  • The plant vascular system's microbiome remains largely uncharacterized.
  • Understanding endophyte origins is crucial for plant health and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the origin and distribution of microbial endophytes within grapevine compartments.
  • To profile bacterial and fungal communities across soil and various grapevine tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Amplicon metagenomics (16S-V4 for bacteria, ITS for fungi) was employed.
  • Microbial communities were analyzed in bulk soil, rhizosphere, root, cordon, cane, and sap.
  • Sampling occurred over two years in a commercial California vineyard.

Main Results:

  • Grapevine roots function as a bottleneck, limiting microbial diversity entering the plant.
  • Roots are primarily colonized by soil microbes, including beneficial bacteria and pathogenic fungi.
  • Distinct bacterial and fungal communities were observed in above- and belowground tissues, with limited intermixing via sap.

Conclusions:

  • Roots act as a critical interface for microbial colonization, filtering soil microbes.
  • Plant sap plays a minor role in microbial community intermixing between above- and belowground tissues.
  • Cultural practices may influence the grapevine endosphere microbiome composition and transmission pathways.