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Related Concept Videos

The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
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Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
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Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 25, 2025

Minimal Invasive Resection of Large Retrosternal Thyroid Goiter
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Minimal Invasive Resection of Large Retrosternal Thyroid Goiter

Published on: September 20, 2024

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Total thyroidectomy: Safe and curative treatment option for hyperthyroidism.

Ethan D Frank1, Joshua S Park1, WayAnne Watson2

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, USA.

Head & Neck
|March 22, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Total thyroidectomy is safe for hyperthyroidism management. This study found no increased risk of complications like hematoma, nerve injury, or hypocalcemia in hyperthyroid patients compared to others.

Keywords:
hyperthyroidismpostoperative complicationssurgerythyroid diseasesthyroidectomy

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Total thyroidectomy use is rising for hyperthyroidism.
  • Concerns exist regarding potential surgical complications such as hematoma, recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury, and hypocalcemia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and complication rates of total thyroidectomy in patients with hyperthyroidism.
  • To compare complication rates between hyperthyroid patients and those with benign euthyroid or malignant thyroid disease.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study.
  • Analysis of 454 patients undergoing total thyroidectomy between 2003 and 2015.
  • Inclusion of patients with hyperthyroidism, benign euthyroid disease, or thyroid malignancy.

Main Results:

  • Total thyroidectomy for hyperthyroidism showed no increased risk of postoperative complications.
  • Rates of transient hypocalcemia, temporary dysphonia, and hematoma were similar across hyperthyroid, euthyroid benign, and malignant disease groups.
  • No permanent hypocalcemia or recurrent laryngeal nerve injury occurred in hyperthyroid patients. Complication rates were comparable between Graves' disease and toxic multinodular goiter.

Conclusions:

  • Total thyroidectomy is a safe and effective standard treatment for hyperthyroidism.
  • The procedure does not elevate complication risks compared to other thyroid conditions.